.	1800 to 1840 Early historic Indian culture, with adaptation brought on by white contact, trade goods, and other fur-trade activities.	MORE INFORMATION: * Native Americans in Idaho
MORE INFORMATION: * Exploration & Expansion	1803 The Louisiana Territory, which extended west of the Mississippi to Idaho, purchased by the United States from France for $15 million.	.
	1805 Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark discover Idaho at Lemhi Pass, and cross into north Idaho over the Lolo Trail August 12; Lewis and Clark sail past Spalding October 8, meet with Nez Perce Indians at Weippe Prairie.	MORE INFORMATION: * Exploration & Expansion
MORE INFORMATION: * Peace Medal * Exploration & Expansion	1806 Lewis and Clark spend more than six weeks with the Nez Perce Indians in the Kamiah area before returning eastward across the Lolo Trail.	.
.	1809 Kullyspell House, first non-native establishment in Northwest, erected near Lake Pend Orielle. The post was built by David Thompson as a fur trading post for the North West Company.	MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations
MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations	1810 Missouri Fur Company establishes Fort Henry near St. Anthony, first American trading post.	.
.	1811 Pacific Fur Company expedition, the Astorians, explore the Snake River Valley on their way to the Columbia River. Led by Wilson P. Hunt, the westward journey discovers the Boise Valley.	MORE INFORMATION: * Rocks, Rails & Trails: Chapter 4
.	1812 Donald Mackenzie establishes a winter fur trading post at Lewiston for the Astorians.	.
.	1813 John Reid starts fur trading post on the lower Boise River, but Bannock Indians wipe it out in 1814.	MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations
MORE INFORMATION: * Exploration & Expansion	1818 Donald Mackenzie makes first exploration of southern Idaho with his Snake River expedition of trappers; Treaty of joint occupancy between Great Britain and the United States leaves Oregon country (including Idaho) open to citizens of both nations.	.
.	1819 Donald Mackenzie holds rendezvous with Native Americans on the Boise River; Adams-Onis treaty between Spain and the United States establishes Idaho's future southern border on the 42nd Parallel; Mackenzie attempts to set up a post on the Boise River.	.
MORE INFORMATION: * Rocks, Rails & Trails: Chapter 4	1820 Mackenzie negotiates a peace treaty with the Shoshone on Little Lost River and explored most of Goodale's Cutoff; Treaty between Spain and U.S. establishes the southern boundary of Idaho (Oregon Territory) at 42nd parallel.	.
.	1821 Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company merge.	.
MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations	1822 William Ashley organizes the Rocky Mountain Fur Company, which institutes the practice of annual rendezvous.	.
.	1823 Battle fought in Lemhi Valley between men of the Snake River country expedition and the Piegan Indians.	.
.	1824 Alexander Ross and Jedediah Smith lead separate expeditions in exploring much of the Salmon River country; Peter Skene Ogden begins trapping in Idaho; Russia cedes Northwest Territory to United States in a treaty.	.
.	1827 Rendezvous at Bear Lake for fur trading.	MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations
MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations	1829 Rendezvous held at Pierre's Hole, now known as the Teton basin, where hundreds of mountain men and fur trappers congregated.	.
.	1830 Captain B.L.E. Bonneville takes a wagon train across South Pass to Green River; Rendezvous with the Indians held on the Blackfoot River, where competition in fur trading becomes intensely keen.	.
.	1831 Fur trappers of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company, led by Kit Carson, winter on the Salmon River.	.
.	1832 Captain B.L.E. Bonneville leads the first crossing of the Rocky Mountains in covered wagons. The company reaches the Lemhi River on September 19; Rendezvous at Pierre's Hole; Battle of Pierre's Hole occurs July 18 between American fur trappers and the Grosventre Indians.	MORE INFORMATION: * Forts & Military Installations
MORE INFORMATION: * Fort Boise * Exploration & Expansion * Forts & Military Installations	1834 Fort Hall, established by Americans under Captain Nathaniel Wyeth, becomes a hub for trails and roads to the western parts of the United States; Fort Boise erected by the Hudson Bay Company near the mouth of the Boise River.
.	1836 Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Spalding are the first white women to cross continental divide (South Pass; Henry H. Spalding establishes a mission near Lapwai, where he prints the Northwest's first book, establishes Idaho's first school, develops Idaho's first irrigation system and grows the state's first potatoes.	MORE INFORMATION: * Henry Spalding * Native Americans in Idaho
MORE INFORMATION: * Native Americans in Idaho	1837 First school in Idaho opens for Indian children at Lapwai; First white child born in Idaho is born at Lapwai to Henry and Eliza Spalding.	.
.	1839 Henry Spalding starts publishing the Bible in Lapwai on the earliest printing press in the Pacific Northwest; Chief Timothy, the first native Christian leader, baptized November 17.	MORE INFORMATION: * Native Americans in Idaho
.	1840 Father Pierre Jean de Smet begins missionary work in Idaho.	.
	1842 Mission of the Sacred Heart is established near Saint Maries. The Mission moves to a site near Cataldo in 1846.	MORE INFORMATION: * Native Americans in Idaho
MORE INFORMATION: * Rocks, Rails & Trails: Chapter 5 * Exploration & Expansion	1843 Oregon Trail established in Idaho, which crossed the border near Montpelier, passed by Fort Hall, then westward south of the Snake River to the ford below Salmon Falls, then to Fort Boise, crossing the Snake River into Oregon.
.	1846 The United States acquires all land south of 49 degrees longitude by a treaty with Great Britain.	MORE INFORMATION: * Exploration & Expansion
MORE INFORMATION: * Exploration & Expansion * Mining	1848 Oregon Territory established.	.
.	1849 Over 20,000 emigrants join the gold rush and come through southeastern Idaho on the California Trail; Heavy traffic continues on the trail for many years; U.S. Military post, Cantonment Loring, established near Fort Hall.	.

Idaho History: 1800-1849